Mereformasi Kriteria DSM dan Menggali Alternatif dalam Penanganan Skizofrenia untuk Perawatan yang Lebih Holistik

Authors

  • Muhammad Rivaldo Juliansyah Universitas Islam Negeri Raden Fatah Palembang, Fakultas Dakwah dan Komunikasi
  • Putri Ramayanti Universitas Islam Negeri Raden Fatah Palembang, Fakultas Dakwah dan Komunikasi
  • Alim Firmansah Universitas Islam Negeri Raden Fatah Palembang, Fakultas Dakwah dan Komunikasi
  • Suwandi Universitas Islam Negeri Raden Fatah Palembang, Fakultas Dakwah dan Komunikasi
  • Oktavianti Soleha Universitas Islam Negeri Raden Fatah Palembang, Fakultas Dakwah dan Komunikasi
  • Azzahra Universitas Islam Negeri Raden Fatah Palembang, Fakultas Dakwah dan Komunikasi
  • Davina Alifia Putri Universitas Islam Negeri Raden Fatah Palembang, Fakultas Dakwah dan Komunikasi

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.61994/cpbs.v3i.167

Keywords:

DSM, schizophrenia, psychosis, diagnostic criteria, genetics, brain development, pathophysiology

Abstract

Schizophrenia is a brain disorder that causes difficulties in social interaction, self-care, and distinguishing between reality and imagination. This study utilizes a literature review method and a prospective observational study design. The research examines how DSM criteria address schizophrenia, particularly focusing on psychotic symptoms, the separation of symptoms from their causes, and the emphasis on clinical features without considering biological indicators. The study also discusses alternative concepts of schizophrenia by considering recent findings on genetic origins, brain development, and pathophysiological factors. The research methodology involves analyzing the historical development of diagnostic criteria for schizophrenia alongside the latest understanding of the disorder's biology and development. Findings suggest that psychotic symptoms are not specific to schizophrenia alone and that pre-psychotic indicators could serve as evidence of genetic predisposition to the condition. Therefore, to enhance the treatment and prevention of schizophrenia, a more focused approach on understanding its causes is needed. Consequently, field trials are necessary to develop research criteria that are more sensitive to development and biologically based, considering schizotaxia as a distinct diagnostic condition from schizophrenia with psychosis.

References

Tsuang, M.T., Stone, W.S., & Faraone, S.V. (2000). Genetika Skizofrenia: Tinjauan. American Journal of Psychiatry, 157(2), 164-172.

Andreasen, N.C. (1999). Model Satuannya tentang Skizofrenia: "Fragmented Phrene" Bleuler sebagai Skizensefali. Arsip Psikiatri Jenderal, 56(9), 781-787.

Bell, R.C., Mrazek, D.A., & Koreen, A.R. (1992). Analisis Faktor Baru Tanda dan Gejala Skizofrenia. Jurnal Penyakit Jiwa dan Saraf, 180(3), 173-181.

Crow, T.J. (1980). Patologi Molekuler Skizofrenia: Lebih dari Satu Proses Penyakit? BMJ, 280(6207), 66-68.

Crow, T.J. (1986). Kontinum Psikosis dan Asal-Usul Genetiknya. British Journal of Psychiatry, 149(4), 419-429.

Freedman, R., Coon, H., Myles-Worsley, M., Orr-Urtreger, A., Olincy, A., Davis, A., ... & Leonard, S. (1997). Hubungan Kekurangan Neurofisiologis dalam Skizofrenia dengan Lokus Kromosom 15. Prosiding Akademi Ilmu Pengetahuan Nasional, 94(2), 587-592.

Maziade, M., Roy, M.A., Martinez, M., Cliche, D., Fournier, J.P., Garneau, Y., ... & Mignault, A. (1992). Dimensi Negatif, Psikotikisme, dan Tidak Tertib pada Pasien dengan Skizofrenia atau Gangguan Bipolar Keluarga: Kontinuitas dan Kekerabatan. American Journal of Psychiatry, 149(11), 1543-1550.

Serretti, A., Lattuada, E., & Cusin, C. (1999). Analisis Faktor Gejala yang Dilaporkan Sendiri dalam Psikosis Besar. Psikiatri Komprehensif, 40(5), 394-400.

Tsuang, M.T., Faraone, S.V., & Tsuang, D.W. (1999). Skizofrenia: Tinjauan Studi Genetik. Tinjauan Psikiatri Harvard, 7(4), 185-207.

Tsuang, M.T., Faraone, S.V., & Lyons, M.J. (1993). Identifikasi Manifestasi Fenotipik Transmisi Genetik Skizofrenia pada Kerabat Skizofrenik. Penelitian Skizofrenia, 11(1), 17-23.

Tsuang, M.T., & Stone, W.S. (2002). Menuju Reformulasi Diagnosis Skizofrenia. American Journal of Psychiatry, 159(9), 1432-1441.

Wildenauer, D.B., Schwab, S.G., & Albus, M. (2000). Analisis Terpadu Penanda Kromosom 18 dan 10 dalam Skizofrenia. American Journal of Medical Genetics, 96(2), 262-266.

Breier, A., Su, T.P., Saunders, R., Carson, R.E., Kolachana, B.S., de Bartolomeis, A., ... & Pickar, D. (1997). Skizofrenia Terkait dengan Konsentrasi Dopamin Sinaptik yang Meningkat Akibat Amfetamin: Bukti dari Metode Tomografi Emisi Pos yang Baru. Prosiding Akademi Ilmu Pengetahuan Nasional, 94(6), 2569-2574.

Fisher, H.L., Craig, T.K., Fearon, P., Morgan, K., Dazzan, P., Lappin, J., ... & Morgan, C. (2011). Keandalan dan Perbandingan Diagnosis Psikosis. Bulletin Skizofrenia, 37(1), 197-203.

Lieberman, J.A., Perkins, D., & Belger, A. (2001). Tahap Awal Skizofrenia: Spekulasi tentang Patogenesis, Patofisiologi, dan Pendekatan Terapi. Psikiatri Biologis, 50(11), 884-897.

Downloads

Published

2024-08-10

Issue

Vol. 3 (2024): Proceeding Conference on Pscyhology and Behavioral Sciences

Section

Articles

License

Copyright (c) 2024 Muhammad Rivaldo Juliansyah, Putri Ramayanti, Alim Firmansah, Suwandi, Oktavianti Soleha, Azzahra, Davina Alifia Putri

Creative Commons License

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.